The B-1 Temporary Business Visitor Visa is designed for foreign nationals who want to travel to the United States for short-term business purposes, but it does not authorize them to work in the USA. For example, citizens of a foreign country might obtain a B-1 Business Visitor Visa for travel to the United States to consult with business associates, attend a conference or convention, negotiate a business contract, take part in short-term training, settle an estate, or similar business of a legitimate nature that lasts for a specified limited amount of time. The B-1 Business Visitor Visa is initially issued for up to 1-6 months (depending on the length of the business activity) and it may be renewed for up to an additional six months if necessary. The spouse and/or children who will accompany a B-1 Visa holder to the United States will need to receive a B-2 Visitor Visa. Citizens of foreign countries that are eligible to participate in the Visa Waiver Program (VWP) may be able to travel to the United States for up to 90 days without a US visa if they meet all of the criteria, including possessing a valid Electronic System for Travel Authorization (ESTA). Furthermore, citizens of Canada or Bermuda who meet certain criteria may not need to obtain a temporary non-immigrant visa to visit the United States. In 2018, there were 38,705 foreign nationals who were issued the B-1 Business Visitor Visa; 5,708,278 were granted the B1/B2 Visa (Temporary Visitor for Business and Pleasure); and 1,032,467 were issued the Combination B1/B2 and Border Crossing Card.